Homeschool Guide: These lesson plans are a guide for parents. Content may contain errors — always cross-reference with official exam board specifications.
odysseus the hero
FoundationHigherAll Boards
4 detailed 50-minute lessons with teaching scripts, worked examples, parent guides, and assessment criteria.
Lesson Overview
Total Lessons: 4 Tier: Foundation and Higher Duration: 50 minutes per lesson (200 minutes total) Exam Boards: AQA, Edexcel, OCR, Eduqas, CCEA
Key vocab to pre-teach: key terms from odysseus the hero
Basic skills: reading the summary notes and answering the practice questions there
Materials & Equipment
Exercise book, coloured pens
Ruler
Printed revision notes (link below)
Internet for videos (see Resources)
Lesson 1: Introduction: odysseus the hero
Duration: 50 minutes
Starter Activity (5 minutes)
Quick Recall
Write down everything you already know about odysseus the hero. Then check against the key terms: key terms from odysseus the hero. Use a mini-whiteboard or paper.
Main Content (35 minutes)
Parent/Teacher Guide: Before lesson: Read the script below. Pre-teach key vocab: key terms from odysseus the hero. If stuck: Re-read the revision notes (link above), then break the content into smaller steps. Extension: See the Stretch & Challenge ideas in Lesson 4.
Teaching Script (35 mins): Mins 0-5 - Hook: "Today: odysseus the hero. By the end you will be able to answer exam questions on it unaided. It connects to the rest of Classical Civilisation because the ideas here recur across the spec." Mins 5-20 - Direct Instruction: Work through the core ideas below one at a time; after each, ask your student to explain it back in their own words. Mins 20-30 - Guided Practice: Model the worked example together, then let your student attempt the first practice question with guidance. Mins 30-35 - Independent Practice: 2-3 practice questions from Lesson 3 below, with immediate feedback.
First Look
Start with the revision notes summary, then attempt: explain the key ideas of odysseus the hero
Plenary (5 minutes)
Check Out
Your student states one thing they learned and one question they still have about odysseus the hero.
Lesson 2: Core Concepts: odysseus the hero
Duration: 50 minutes
Starter Activity (5 minutes)
Review Previous Lesson
Quick recap: write 3 key points from Lesson 1 on odysseus the hero. Check them against the notes below.
Main Content (35 minutes)
Key Fact: Odysseus is the archetypal Greek hero whose intelligence (metis) is as important as his physical strength
Key Fact: The Odyssey tells the story of Odysseus's ten-year journey home (nostos) from the Trojan War
Key Fact: Unlike Achilles (who chose glory and early death), Odysseus chooses survival and homecoming
Key Fact: Odysseus's name means 'man of pain' or 'trouble' — his suffering is central to his identity
Key Fact: He invented the Trojan Horse, demonstrating his preference for cunning over brute force
Practice (10 minutes)
Q: explain the key ideas of odysseus the hero
Answer:
Plenary (5 minutes)
Explain Back
Your student teaches the key points back to you without looking. Fill any gaps immediately.
Lesson 3: Application: odysseus the hero
Duration: 50 minutes
Starter Activity (5 minutes)
Quick Recall
Recall the key terms: key terms from odysseus the hero. Define each in one sentence.
Main Content (35 minutes)
Parent/Teacher Guide: Let your student attempt each question alone first, then compare with the model answer. Award method marks for correct working even if the final answer is wrong.
Work through the practice questions on the revision notes page for this topic.
Plenary (5 minutes)
Error Review
Review any questions answered incorrectly. Identify whether the error was knowledge, method, or reading the question.
Lesson 4: Exam Practice: odysseus the hero
Duration: 50 minutes
Starter Activity (5 minutes)
Command Words
Review what these command words require: state (one point), describe (say what happens), explain (say why), compare (both sides), evaluate (judgement).
Main Content (35 minutes)
Extended Answer
Extended question: Full-Mark Response How far is Odysseus a more admirable hero than Achilles? (15 marks) <div class="
Odysseus is arguably a more admirable hero than Achilles because his qualities serve survival and homecoming rather than personal glory, though both heroes embody different but equally valid Greek ideals. Odysseus's metis (cunning intelligence) is more broadly useful than Achilles's raw martial prowess — Odysseus saves his crew from Polyphemus through wit, resists the Sirens through preparation, and reclaims his home through patience and disguise. His choice of nostos (homecoming) over kleos (glory) shows a hero who values life, family and community over personal fame. He endures twenty years of suffering and temptation without losing his determination to return, showing extraordinary resilience. Furthermore, Odysseus's heroism is relevant to peacetime — his patience, adaptability and emotional endurance are qualities needed in ordinary life. However, Achilles also has admirable qualities: his absolute commitment to his principles, his willingness to die for glory, and his genuine grief for Patroclus show emotional depth and integrity. Achilles's rage at Agamemnon for dishonouring him reflects a genuine concern for justice, while Odysseus sometimes deceives and manipulates for self
Exam Tips: Always balance Odysseus's positive qualities with his flaws — he is a complex, not idealised, hero | The Polyphemus episode is the most commonly tested — know it in detail | Compare Odysseus with other characters who show (or lack) xenia, cunning or restraint | Penelope and Telemachus are important secondary heroes — don't neglect them | Use specific book references when possible to show detailed knowledge of the text
Common Errors: ✗ Describing Odysseus as a perfect hero without flaws ✓ Odysseus is complex — his hubris, deceit andrecklessness cause real harm, especially to his crew ✗ Confusing kleos (glory) with nostos (homecoming) ✓ Kleos is the warrior's glory of the Iliad; nostos is the homecoming of the Odyssey — the two epics prioritise different heroic values ✗ Only discussing Odysseus's physical courage ✓ Metis (cunning intelligence) is his defining quality — the Odyssey values cleverness over brute strength ✗ Forgetting that Penelope is also heroic ✓ Penelope's cunning (the shroud trick) and endurance rival Odysseus's own — she is a heroic figure in her own right
Stretch & Challenge (Grade 8-9):
Synoptic links: explain how odysseus the hero connects to another Classical Civilisation topic you have studied
Real-world: research one real-world use or example of odysseus the hero
Critical: "What are the limitations of the models used in odysseus the hero?"
Plenary (5 minutes)
Assessment Criteria
Got it: Confident explanation + correct worked examples
Getting there: Main points OK, needs support with detail
Not yet: Confused on key concepts - re-run Lesson 2
Homework & Consolidation
Consolidation: Re-answer any Lesson 3 practice questions answered incorrectly (20 mins)
Retrieval: Write flashcards for the key terms: key terms from odysseus the hero (10 mins)
Exam practice: One past-paper question on odysseus the hero from the board websites (15 mins)
Extension: Explain odysseus the hero to someone else in your own words (10 mins)